Need For Structural Transformation Through Ebusiness Business Essay

Need For Structural Transformation Through Ebusiness Business Essay There are various theories on the subject which enrich our modern days understanding of the subject and make us appreciate how and why organisations strategise their decisions. How does Coca Cola know that its strength lie in adding various lines of beverages such as energy drinks, sports drinks, health drinks when others are just making aerated drinks? Or how does Estee Lauder through its various marketing brands cater to different segments the original Estee Lauder for older women, Clinique for middle aged women, M.A.C. for youthful hipsters, Aveda to aromatherapy enthusiasts and Origins for eco conscious consumers. Michael Porters acclaimed Five Forces of Competitive Position model explains a simple perspective for evaluating and analysing the competitive strength and position of a corporation or business organisation. Let us understand each force and its implication for the Strategic Planners in the Case of FedEx Industry Competitors This refers to the existing players in an industry unless and until there is a first mover advantage. But sooner or later, other firms enter and pose a direct threat to ones profits. In the case of FedEx, UPS was a competitor though till 1982 UPS was not directly competing in the overnight delivery segment. And so the rule of the game have to be maneuvered keeping in mind what other firms are doing in the industry. Potential Entrants The threat of a new firm entering into the industry is more when its easier relatively for an organisation to enter the industry in other words, entry barriers are low. An organisation planning to enter the industry will contemplate various decisions such as the loyalty of customers to existing products, how soon the economies of scale can be achieved, do they have access to suppliers, and would they face government legislation, discouraging them or promote them in any manner to enter the industry. FedEx had a lot of first mover advantages. It was the first company to give the drivers hand held scanners for sending alerts to customers for each pick up and delivery. In 1994, it became the first big transport company to launch a website that included tracking and tracing capabilities, but by 2000 when DHL, TNT and UPS were fierce competitors., these advantages were lost as customers took all these facilities as granted and did not see any incremental value. Thus as more firms enter the market, the dynamics change and this calls for a continuous innovation stream and realignment of corporate strategy which has become the hallmark of FedEx over the years. By integrating its services and managing the supply-chain of its customers, it generated customer loyalty and increased the customer switching costs. Thus FedEx managed to effectively introduce the barriers to entry for competitors. Threats of substitute products or services The availability of products services outside the common product boundaries raises the likelihood of customers to switch to alternatives. Are there alternative products that clients can buy over your product that provides the same benefits at a lesser price? In the case of FedEx, this threat was low at the time it entered the market. There was no other way to make time sensitive documents reach overnight in a reliable fashion. Bargaining power of buyers The bargaining power of clients is also expressed as the market of outputs: the ability of customers to put the firm under pressure, which also governs the customers sensitivity to price changes. Strategic Planners at FedEx realised this from the beginning. The underlying philosophy at FedEx was that whenever businesses grow, there is always move of physical goods. This shows that the management team at FedEx took cognisance of customer sensitivity and their power. It always laid emphasis on speed and reliance in moving time sensitive documents. Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers are critical for the success of a firm. Raw materials are required to complete the finished product of the organisation. Suppliers have immense power. This power comes from: If they are the main supplier or one of the rare suppliers who supply that particular raw material. If it is relatively costlier for the company to move from one supplier to another (known also as switching cost) If there are no other substitutes for their product. FedEx made judicious decisions in selecting their technology partners. Whether it was tying up with COSMOS or making a deal with Netscape in 1999, it leveraged its IT partners to the fullest. Value chain is described by Dagmar Recklies in the following words: Value chain analysis described by Porter refers to the activities within and around a company, and links them to an analysis of the competitive strength of an organization. It thus assesses which value each particular activity brings to the organizations products or services. D.K. Likhi in the article Motives of Strategic Alliances formation: Value Chain perspective states the following:   Porter says that the capability to perform particular activities and to manage the linkages between these activities is a source of competitive advantage. In his well-known book Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining superior Performance (1985) Porter distinguishes between primary activities and support activities. Primary activities are straightforwardly linked with the creation or delivery of a product or service. They can be assembled into five main parts namely inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and service. Each of these primary activities is joined to sustain activities which help to improve their competence or efficacy. There are four major areas of support activities: procurement, technology development (including RD), human resource management, and infrastructure (systems for planning, finance, quality, information management etc.).   The basic model of Porters Value Chain is presented here- Moreover, the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Margin denotes that organisations realise a profit margin that depends on their aptitude to handle the linkages between all activities in the value chain. In the case of FedEx Strategic Planners at FedEx have been able to leverage both its primary and secondary activities and ensured that they reap high margins. Its focus on Technology Development proved that even a secondary activity can become critical in defining success. FedExs success lay in its pro-activeness. It realised that mere express delivery will not take it far; in order to revolutionise the globe, it will have to focus on total logistics and supply chain solution. Core Competencies and Capabilities at FedEx A core competency is a unique factor that a business considers as being central to the way it, or its employees, works. It fulfills three key criteria: It provides consumer benefits It is not easy for competitors to imitate It can be leveraged widely too many products and markets. When we analyse the case, it becomes evident that FedEx had various core competencies and capabilities. Firstly, it is the underlining philosophy and the vision of the management at FedEx. Innovation and Pro-activeness is a culture in itself; either the organisation has it or it does not. When others in the industry were competing on prices, FedEx was thinking how to integrate seamlessly with its customers and provide value. It was thinking of emerging into a global logistics and supply chain company while others in the industry were complacent being express delivery firms. In 1974, FedEx opened a small warehouse for Parts Bank and thus embarked on the journey of logistic management. Fred Smith, Chairman of FedEx Corporation was a visionary; he realised that overnight delivery of time sensitive documents was a brilliant business idea. He mastered that speed and reliance were crucial in this business for clients. In the nascent years when other players were buying space on commercial airlines, FedEx acquired its own transportation fleet. Such a vision was instrumental in saving huge costs to the company in the latter years. Secondly, the use of breakthrough technology and internet acted as another core competence. In 1980s, FedEx became the first company to give its drivers hand held scanners that were used to send alerts to customers every time a packet was picked up or delivered. It became the first big transport company to have a website with tracking and tracing facilities in 1994. It had started putting customers catalogues on the website. Thus FedEx had started redefining sources and procurement strategies for its clients who were very happy with these value added services, they had in a way outsourced their entire supply chain management to FedEx. Thirdly, leveraging relationships as a strategy acted as yet another major competency for FedEx. It started using COSMOS tracking network in 1979 and provided tracing and tracking services with the advent of internet. In 1999, it made a deal with Netscape to offer a suite of delivery services at its netcenter portal. This meant automatic integration of Netscape FedEx by means of which FedEx gained an added access to 13 million members who were there on the portal. As we see FedEx leveraged both, backward integration with its IT Technology partners on one hand and forward integration with many of its clients like Dell Cisco on the other. Thus as of January 2000, FedEx became the worlds largest overnight package carrier with about 30 percent market share. Main Advantages Disadvantages of international trade to FedEx Corporation FedEx gained tremendously from International trade. Its tie up with Dell, Cisco, NatSemi and Netscape vouch for the fact that such backward and forward integrations would not have been possible if it had not ventured out of its home market. The management also exploited the use of internet and e-commerce to the best of its advantage. It started tying up with companies worldwide and managed its customers effectively. FedEx was able to service as an extended, fully outsourced logistics supply chain division of global companies. It introduced various e-Business Tools for faster connections with FedEx shipping and tracking applications. As early as in 1974, it started logistics operations with Parts Bank and built up a small warehouse at Memphis. Thus when others were just competing on prices and speed, FedEx was already way ahead with its first value added service way beyond transportation. However when one goes international, there are disadvantages as well. FedEx increased its scope of work and base, spreading itself too thin. Multiple brands worldwide became difficult to manage. Costs started multiplying as each sub business had its own accounting, sales and marketing costs. While the likes of UPS had the advantage of promoting just one brand UPS to sell the company and its many service offerings, FedEx was trying to promote five different sub-companies with completely unrelated names business logos under the FDX banner with separate sales and customer service teams. However a re-alignment and re-branding strategy was timely planned and international trades advantages far out weighed its disadvantages and costs. Section II Classical Evolutionary School of Thought the case of FedEx Strategy Theory is such a vast, multi-dimensional and multi-disciplinary academic field with competing schools of thought with each one taking a different view as to what strategy is aiming to achieve that it becomes almost impossible to compare any two schools. Let us look at some of the schools of thought in the domain of strategy and see the relevance of the same in the case of FedEx. The classical view of strategy is supported on the military parlance, in which the world is a fixed hierarchy with a solitary general who makes decisions. The concept has a long history in the military and if we see etymologically, strategy literally means what the generals do. However problem exists when some theorists take this too literally and try to replicate this in the business domain as it is. The military model is supported by an intellectual inheritance from economics. Many economists placed this singular figure right at the heart of their ideation of strategy as an highly structured game of move and counter-move, bluff and counter-bluff, between competing yet interdependent businesses. This view of individuals in association with Smiths view that each individual is continual wielding himself to find out the most profitable employment of whatever capital he can command, creates a stereotype of the manager who is focused on maximising return on investment. Classical strategy places immense assurance in the readiness and capacity of managers to adopt profit maximising strategies through rational long-term planning. Such cases are a rarity as businesses do not comprise of ideal economic man. managers not only fall short to set output at the theoretically profit-maximising level where marginal costs precisely equal marginal revenue, but most managers have no clue what their marginal costs and marginal revenue curves are! Economists attuned to this business stupidity by letting the markets do the thinking. With this view of the world, markets not managers opt the prevailing strategies within a particular environment. For those strategists who stick to the evolutionary view of competition, survivors may emerge to be those who have adapted themselves to the environment. Competition is the mainly useful form of weeding out inefficiency or lack of adaptation, hence simple access into markets is the way to ensure healthy industries. Application of the Schools in the case of FedEx In the case of FedEx, we see an amalgamation of both the schools happening. When the firm has a first mover advantage, at times it is possible to relate its thinking, and actions with the Classical School Of Thought. From 1973 onwards, Fred Smith, Chairman of the group steered the company through breakthrough technical advances and innovative practices. It is similar to the Classical Ideology of maximising profits and shaping the industry, so to speak. It was Freds vision that enabled the organization to transform itself from an express delivery company to a global logistics supply chain company. He took the right decisions at the right time most of which were instrumental in making it the market leader at that time and even some thirty years later! Noteworthy are the following actions As early as 1974, FedEx realised the importance of value added services and the transformation into a logistics company. It tied up with Parts Bank and built up a small warehouse at Memphis to provide storage facility. Smith insisted of acquiring his own transportation fleet while others were booking space on public carriers. FedEx was the first company to introduce hand held scanners for drivers; this facilitated sending alerts to clients for pick up and delivery. In 1994, it was the first transport company to have a website with tracking and tracing facilities. In 1999, FedEx tied up with Netscape and thus gained access to millions of customers who were already on Netscape portal. It tied up with Dell, Cisco NatSemi and almost acted as their logistics and supply chain management. The above are some of the examples to prove that from 1973 to 1999, there were a number of incidents which make us feel that management at FedEx acted in a Classical fashion and tried to maximize its profits and returns on investments as much as possible. However when we look at the Re-branding strategy that was undertaken by the management in January 2000, it shows us the application of Evolutionary School of Thought strategy. Towards 2000, UPS, TNT and DHL were strongly competing with FedEx. FedEx had five subsidiary companies each with separate sales, marketing and customer service staff. Each unit had its own accounting practices. They were targeting different segments and were working independently. But this strategy resulted in a lot of duplicity of resources and wastage of time efforts. The subsidiaries were not even to leverage any synergies, not even the legacy of the FedEx brand. This is when the management at FedEx looked around and learnt from market and the competition. It undertook a major re-branding and re-alignment of resource strategy. All subsidiaries had FedEx branding thus denoting that it came from the same brand. They leveraged the consolidated pool of sales, marketing, accounting and customer service operations. It became a one-stop-shop for all sized of customers, whether it was business-to-business, home delivery, ground or heavy steel plates. Typically this is true in any industry and a new firm that enters the market at an early stage. The firm can operate in a classical manner, calling the shots. This is possible because of several reasons low threat of competitors, virtually no substitutes, low bargaining power of customers and high switching costs. This is typical in the case of FedEx as well. But the dynamics change, when other firms enter and the market becomes mature. In that scenario, it is not the firm but the market that decides. This scene can be seen in other industries as well. When Coca cola started operations, it was the king in the aerated segment, charging a price that it deemed fit and the customers were more than willing to pay the same, but years later when competition got ripe, such advantages disappear. There is a tendency to compete on prices, value added services because of which the market decides the viable price. To Coca Cola, the threat was not only from Pepsi and other soft drink beverages but even from other health drinks and water! This is when the entire product mix was realigned and Coca Cola introduced sports drinks, health drinks, tea coffee. Hence it is not a question of preference. It is which school is applicable as pet the time and maturity level of the industry. More often than not, we see that most of the times in a mature set up it is the Evolutionary School of Thought which is more relevant as market forces determine the pace and the direction in which change is required. Businesses which realize this well in time and pick up timely cues and act upon them thrive, while others wither with time. Section III Processual School of Thought, Staceys Four Loops and Strategy Implications A processual view of an organization suggests that organizations are a cocktail of individuals, each of who brings their own personalities, personal agendas and cognitive biases to the organization. Thus, strategy is a continuing process of adjustment evolvement because rational economic man is only a state of utopia and people are only boundedly rational. Most Processual scholars argue that because of these constraints, strategy is nothing else but the continuous adjusting of routines to awkward messages and cues from the environment which gradually force themselves on the managers attention. Strategy is not only planned and executed action, but it is also a means to make meaning of the chaos of the world. Staceys Integrated Model of Decision making and Control The Staceys Matrix is a critical tool that helps one navigates when faced with complexity in the field of strategy. This tool helps in adopting the right management action defines the strategy that one should focus at when faced in a complex environment with varying degree of certainty and agreement amongst the group in the organisation. Let us understand the axis first 1. Closeness to Certainty: Concerns or decisions are close to certainty when cause and effect linkages can be evaluated. This is mostly the case when a very similar issue or decision has been made in the past sometime. One can then assess and relate from past experience to predict the outcome of an action with a good degree of certainty. 2. Far from Certainty: The opposite of the above, is the extreme end of the certainty continuum. They are decisions that are far from certainty. These scenarios are often unique or at least new to the decision makers. The cause and effect connections are not clear. Extrapolating from past experience is surely not a good method to predict outcomes in the far from certainty range. 3. Agreement: The vertical axis measures the degree of agreement about an issue or decision within the group, team or organisation. As you would presume, the management or leadership function changes depending on the level of agreement surrounding an issue. Four Loops: Rational Loop Rational Decision Making is possible when there is closeness to certainty and closeness to agreement. In such cases, the group has a consensus on views, options and decisions; also high certainty permits references from the past. There is less risk involved so it is fairly easy to take a rational decision. As per the Processual School of Thought, such cases are a rarity in real time. Even if there is absolute clarity or certainty about an issue, to find absolute agreement in team is seldom possible. This is because each individual comes with his own objectives and interests. Political Loop Overt Covert Some themes have a great chance of certainty about how outcomes are created but high levels of disagreement about which results are desirable. Neither plans nor shared objectives are probably to work in this context. Instead, politics become more significant. Coalition building, negotiation, and compromise are used to make the organisations agenda and direction. Some misgivings have a high level of agreement but not much conviction as to the cause and effect linkages to create the sought after results. In these cases, monitoring against a set plan will not work. A sound sense of shared mission or vision may substitute for a plan in these cases. Comparisons are made not against plans but against the purpose and vision for the organisation. In this region, the objective is to head towards an agreed upon future state even though the specific paths cannot be prearranged. Culture Cognition As per the Cultural School of Thought, strategy formation is a collective process of social interaction, based on the beliefs and understandings shared by the team members of an organisation. Stacey defines culture as a set of assumptions people simply accept without question as they interact with each other. Thus strategy is based on perceptions and is deliberate if not fully conscious. This goes well with Processual School as well, because it assumes that people come with different perceptions and learn through a tacit process of acculturation. To conclude the above discussion, we can contemplate that strategies are often evolving, their coherence accruing through action and perceived in retrospect, while successive small steps finally merge into a pattern.

Fat Tax Essay

This report proposes that these costs and problems need to be addressed, and one avenue through which they can be is a junk food tax. This report proposes that there be a federal tax placed on junk food purchases, similar to the taxes placed on gasoline and tobacco products. This tax would dissuade people from purchasing unhealthy food items. At the same time it would help the nation offset some of the financial costs that obesity has generated. The proposition is not a fix-all, but it is a good start. Taxation of Junk Food, A Proposition to Battle the Obesity Epidemic in America Obesity is a condition that can be found in nearly every social class, geographic location, and age group in our society today. Every year there are more people who fit this profile; more people who are obese. While many view this condition as merely a cosmetic one, the truth is that there are serious consequences to being overweight. Some of these consequences include: the health risks such as diabetes and heart disease, early death because of those conditions, economic impacts due to lower productivity, astronomical health care costs, and numerous social problems that arise due to the lethargy and early mortality of obese parents and the inactivity of overweight children. These issues are significant, and need to be addressed in order to solve the problem. First, the causes of obesity must be understood, so that adequate solutions can be generated. Then solutions need to be created and put into effect such that the causes of the epidemic will be addressed at a minimal social cost. The information in this report shows that a large portion of those who suffer from obesity can attribute a large portion of their weight to junk food. This food is high in calories and low in nutritional value. This report also shows that many of these people choose to consume these products due to its convenience and relative low cost. I propose that in order to address this cause, and decrease consumption of junk food due to convenience and low cost, a federal tax should be levied against all foods that fit the profile of a junk food. I propose that this action would decrease economy purchases of less nutritious foods, and encourage consumers to consume more healthy diet options based on economic feasibility. Â  The Obesity Epidemic The issue of obesity is one that is complex and widespread. In order to understand the scope and implications of this condition, one must first understand what it is, and who it affects. Not everyone who is overweight is obese. Scott Ingram describes the difference between obesity and overweight as overweight being anyone who weighs more than the someone in the normal range for how old and tall they are, while in order for a person to be labeled obese, they must have enough body fat to put them 20 percent higher or more than their ideal weight (Ingram, 2005, p. 23). In other words, if a person’s ideal weight for their height and age is 140 pounds, and they weigh 150 pounds, they are overweight; but if they weigh over 168 pounds they are obese. This difference is important, as it indicates exactly how much overweight obese people are. They are all more than 20 percent over their target weight, which is significant enough to cause the problems that are being discussed in this report. The health and social issues caused by the state rest of the population that have not reached the 20 percent mark, but are still overweight are not even considered in this report. However, these issues will be positively affected by this proposal as well. It is also important to note that this problem is not isolated to a specific group of individuals, although there are groups that are higher risk than others.

Policy Models Or Frameworks.. The Assignment Seeks To Explore

Policy Models or Frameworks. The assignment seeks to explore the Housing Legislation Amendment Bill/Policy issue and discuss about the present roles the New Zealand government is doing, recognizing relevant concepts and frameworks which are used clarify the roles for government in New Zealand and my country of origin. Furthermore, a dissimilar framework will be applied to the housing policy issue and its implications will be scrutinized for understanding the roles of the government and other stakeholders with the respect to the issue. Scott, (2010) argues about the theory of collaborative advantage which proposes that improved results can be attained by facilitating networked collaboration between public, private and various stakeholders†¦show more content†¦During the colonial era, various Acts were put in place to render blacks powerless to utilize their land, such as, Land Apportionment Act (Number 30 of 1930) which divided the country into African (black) and European (White) areas, (Moyo, 2014). Th e author asserts that Blacks were indebted by circumstances to work in town and retire to rural areas after work. Moyo (2014), argue that the Urban Areas Accommodation and Registration Act (Number 6 of 1946) specified that only employed blacks could be allowed in towns and cities. Thus, the local authorities to set aside urban residential areas for working Africans or employees could be accommodated by their masters. Post-independence the government implemented specific policies and stratagems to redress the discriminations in the provision of housing. The government enacted the following policies: Homeownership, National Housing Fund, Housing and Guarantee Fund and Aided Self Help, (Moyo, 2014). However, the Ministry of Local Government and National Housing made tremendous efforts to curb the housing issues but the economic conditions has been not conducive or permitting to yield better results. According, to personal experience there were places in Zimbabwe that blacks could not s et their foot unless you have been summoned or when you are possessing a pass otherwise you will be charged with trespassing. The New Zealand government has and is using the socialShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Culturally Competent Framework1672 Words   |  7 PagesIndigenous Elders who overcame disadvantage to provide a pathway forwards for their people. Charles Nelson Perkins (1936-2000), was one such man. He was the first Indigenous Australian to graduate from University. This essay seeks to use a culturally competent framework as a charter to explore the legacy of the impact that Charles Perkins life had. In conclusion, the implications this has for a pre-service teacher will be examined so as to provide an informed basis from which to draw positive learnings thatRead MoreThe Burke Litwin Model and Space Shuttle Columbia Case Study1656 Words   |  7 Pagesand other readings you may find, and using the Burke-Litwin Model, please prepare a 5-6 page paper (not including cover and reference pages) in which you:Organize and categorize the CAIB data and findings according to the below Keys to the Ass ignment 1. Introduce the model and the case The Burke Litwin model The Burke Litwin model analyzes internal and external factors that may have contributed to the case. It provides a framework showing possible internal and external causes that either resultedRead MoreChild Responsibilities And Children s Act 20041560 Words   |  7 Pagesagencies involved with children birth to 19 work together to achieve the following: †¢ Stay Safe †¢ Healthy †¢ Enjoy and Achieve †¢ Economic Well-being †¢ Positive Contribution These recommendations became a requirement following the Every Child Matters framework and Children’s Act 2004. Every Child Matters was redeveloped throughout the Children’s Plan 2007, setting out to improve educational outcomes for children. In 2010 its name was changed to Help Children Achieve More. The Equality Act 2010 providesRead MorePeople Management Development22130 Words   |  89 PagesDevelopment Scheme Assignment Document Consolidated Assignment Document CIPD ConsAss v3.2 9/09 2 Contents Introduction 5 Section 1 General Guidance 7 CIPD Assignment Guidance for Students General Guidance from your Tutors What Assignments must Demonstrate Suggested Approach for Putting an Assignment Together Generic Report Layout Marking Scheme Assignment Grading 7 10 13 14 15 16 21 Section 2 Assignments 29 Introduction 29 Leadership and Management Assignments 31 General NotesRead MoreBusiness Ethics Annotated Bibliography2636 Words   |  11 Pagesof social power on corporate ethical values, employee commitment, and performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 97, 341-363.Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.liberty.edu:2048/docview/821301766 The authors of this business journal explore the recent activities of today’s retail giants and how their ethical behavior affects their brand, objectives, performance and stakeholders. The authors investigate the origins of certain variables that affect the ethical values of an organizationRead MoreRoles Of The Registered Nurse2195 Words   |  9 PagesThis assignment will explore and critically evaluate the role of the registered nurse in the development of a plan of care that is patient centred. This will involve examining and critically analysing the chosen nursing model in a holistic assessment of the patient and the use of the nursing framework ASPIRE (Barrett, Wilson and Wollands, 2012). For the purpose of this assignment the patient will be given the pseudonym Susan to protect her privacy and confidentiality in line with the guidelines setRead MoreA Study On Data Science1618 Words   |  7 Pagesand accuracy. Lastly, visibility is also a big data charactrstic. When data is seprate from other resources it can be seen. Explore the author’s future work by using the reference [4] in the research paper. Summarise your understanding how Big Data can improvise healthcare sector. Answer. In the coming years, data volume is incresing continously. In health care models dynamism is expericenced. Further, profit is not a prime factor in health care syatem. As it is percious factor of organizationsRead MoreCreating A Learning Organization : Indiana Wesleyan University1732 Words   |  7 Pages Indiana Wesleyan University (IWU) Statement of Academic Honesty: I have read and understand the plagiarism policy as outlined in the syllabus and the sections in the Student Bulletin relating to the IWU Honesty/Cheating Policy. By affixing this statement to the title page of my paper, I certify that I have not cheated or plagiarized in the process of completing this assignment. If it is found that cheating and/or plagiarism did take place in the writing of this paper, I understand the possibleRead MoreLogistics And Quantitative Modules : Logistics Essay2229 Words   |  9 Pagesemploys support tools called quantitative models. These models are powerful tools for not only measuring relevant aspects of logistics management, but are also important for understanding the processes. Some of these models include; facility location models, routing models, and stochastic inventory models. This paper explores place of logistics in the supply chain management, and the importance of quantita tive models in logistic activities. It also seeks to establish a difference between logisticsRead MoreTheories of Health Promotion2264 Words   |  10 Pagespromotion, one which is a theory of and the other a theory for health promotion. Beattie’s model will be used as theory of and transtheoritical stages of change model as a theory for health promotion. An example from area of work practice will be used to demonstrate the differing aspects emphasised by each Theory. Furthermore the essay will seek to suggest an explanation of current health promotion. This assignment will therefore aim to achieve a greater comprehension of what health promotion actually

Compare And Contrast Boy Scouts And Girl Scouts - 1302 Words

The Boy Scouts of America and the Girls Scouts of the USA are both nonprofit organizations that can be the most wonderful experiences in one’s life. Being a Boy Scout or Girl Scout can help the youth develop maturity and character, as they grow with age and enter adulthood. Through the process of volunteering and showing leadership skills, Boy Scouts of America and Girls Scouts of the USA are both life-changing organizations. One involved in any of the two organizations will create unity throughout their community and uphold a legacy. While the youth involved in one of the two organizations earn achievements and countless awards, scouting can be utilized to create an exceptional college admission resume. Although the Girls Scouts of the†¦show more content†¦The six levels consist of: Daises (grades kindergarten and first), Brownies (grades second and third), Juniors (grades fourth and fifth), Cadettes (grades sixth and eighth), Seniors (grades ninth and tenth), and Am bassadors (grades eleventh and twelfth) (Grade Levels). Rather than a Girl South having to prove that she’s worthy, she will automatically proceed in the organization based upon her grade level. Another contrast between Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts are the most noteworthy honors that a scout can be awarded. While being in any of these two Scouting organizations, a scout can earn numerous awards. The highest award that a scout can be presented with, nonetheless, differs between organizations. In Boy Scouts, the highest achievement a Boy Scout can receive is an Eagle Scout. Rather than an Eagle Scout being an award, it is the highest position in the rank system. Becoming an Eagle Scout takes much work and dedication to the organization. One receiving this award will have to meet several requirements. One must show that they are progressing in the program through their â€Å"leadership, service, and outdoor skills† (Trail to Eagle). Moreover, in order to become an Eagle Scout, a Boy Scout must first move forward in the ranking system. Although there are more than 130 merit badges that a Boy Scout can receive, they must earn 21 to be eligible become anShow MoreRelatedTo Kil l a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1265 Words   |  5 PagesBrother and Sister; Boy and Girl In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, they were both kids. They were both immature children, they both taunted Boo Radley, they both interpreted things similarly and they both eventually came of age. Yet they were both different; one was innocent and one was narcissistic and more. In To Kill A Mockingbird, Jem and Scout are two very similar and different characters throughout the entire novel. They show both common and differentiatingRead MoreA Silent Truth in To Kill a Mocking Bird by Harper Lee Essay1809 Words   |  8 Pages Harper Lee wrote about a little girl named Jean Louise Finch (Scout), but was she really telling a story about her life and what scenarios took place in her childhood? Harper Lee’s family, friends, biography, and the historical events that she experienced all contribute to the 1960 novel. In the novel Scout’s mother died when she was about two years old, therefore Scout does not remember her mother. Harper Lee includes another mother figure for the girl as she grows up. Calpurnia was theRead MoreGender Inequality Throughout Middle School And High School2595 Words   |  11 PagesJournal reports that a man who works full time earns a median of $889 a week, a woman who works full-time earns a median of $721 a week. That s a $168 difference between males and females in the workforce. Also, what about the horrible names that girls are called throughout middle school and high school? Slut, hoe, whore, skank, all of these judgmental names are what women are called every day, whether it s true or not. Gender inequality is everywhere, but most people are just too blind to noticeRead MoreBeing Bullied And Having No Recollection Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagesbetter playing with the boys because they were more friendly and just as smart as me, and I was much more gi rly than the other 8 girls in my class. By the time I was in first grade my only two friends had moved to other schools. Because of this I was left very secluded. One of the first examples the bullying that happened was because of my size many of the girls would pretend I was too ‘little’ to hang out with them. My parents enrolled me in Girl Scouts and I met a very kind girl named Nicole, who wasRead MoreThe Rise Of Sexual Slavery And The Islamic State Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pagesin the regions where its message is able to take root. She credits the group’s own propaganda for normalizing this practice through its religious rhetoric. â€Å"The Islamic State has attempted to justify the capture, enslavement, and sale of women and girls as religiously meritorious: not just acceptable but as a positive good†¦ IS proclaims enslavement a triumphalist reflection of its own legitimacy† (Ali 4). Ali accuses Muslims confronted with the radical actions and proclamations of the Islamic StateRead Mor e1984 Lord of the Flies2428 Words   |  10 Pagescitizens. The novels compare in expressing fear but, contrast in showing completely divergent types of fear. Each piece of literature displays jealousy and hatred towards the government which leads to revolts. Furthermore, in the book, Lord of the Flies, one boy, Ralph, rules over several boys while they are stranded on an island. The books Lord of the Flies and 1984 both have communities with an overruling government using extreme power. Lord of the Flies is about twenty boys who are stranded withRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pageselement within many parts of the LGBT community.[64][65][66] In some cases separatists will deny the existence or right to equality of nonmonosexual orientations and of transsexuality.[66] This can extend to public biphobia and transphobia.[64][66] In contrasts to separatists, Peter Tatchell of the LGBT human rights group OutRage! argues that to separate the transgender movement from the LGB would be political madness.[67] Many people have looked for a generic term to replace the numerous existing abbreviationsRead MoreJasper Jones Study Guide6848 Words   |  28 Pagesyoung men to Vietnam and by a serial killer named Eric Edgar Cooke. Against this backdrop, thirteen year old Charlie Buktin’s reading is interrupted one suffocatingly hot night by a tapping on his window. It is Jasper Jones, the town’s mixed race ‘bad boy’ and all purpose scapegoat, who has come to ask for Charlie’s help. Together Charlie and Jasper attempt to unravel the mystery of what has happened to Laura Wishart, the Shire President’s missing daughter. In this coming of stage story, Charlie mustRead MoreMkt 500 - Assignment #42702 Words   |  11 Pagesmanagement can begin working on refining the sales process. Other strategies that can be used in addition to advertising are: * Participating with the local community in hosting events such as food drives, charity auctions, provide storage for boy/girl scouts, provide assistance during natural epidemics such as storage for people who have lost homes during a storm or flood. * Sponsor cookouts for a local fire or police station. * Partner with local baseball or football teams and provide ticketsRead MoreMarketing Principle Quiz20161 Words   |  81 Pages| | | | Selected Answer: |   c.   demographic | Correct Answer: |   c.   demographic | | | | |   Ã‚  Question 3 | 1 out of 1 points    | | The advertisements for Torengos tortilla chips that come in cans like Pringles deliberately compare the product to Frito-Lay’s Tostitos tortilla chips and ask if you really prefer broken chips. Torengos is being positioned by | | | | | Selected Answer: |   b.   competitor. | Correct Answer: |   b.   competitor. | Feedback: | Torengos is